The area of medicine concerned with child health is known as paediatrics. Paediatrics is similar in some respects to adult medicine, in that many of the subspecialities are the same, such as paediatric cardiology (the heart and blood vessels), paediatric gastroenterology (the gut), paediatric surgery, etc.
However, paediatrics can also be very different from adult medicine because children can have illnesses that are not necessarily found in adults, including congenital and inherited diseases, infectious childhood diseases, etc. There can also be complex issues involving consent and legal responsibility that may not arise in adult medicine. Consequently, clinical negligence cases involving children can be diverse and complex. Probably the most common clinical negligence cases involving children are claims involving neurological injury causing cerebral palsy.